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Down to a science
The brewing method determines how finely or coarsely the beans should be ground. Brewing time (the time during which water is in contact with the coffee during brewing) is one of the important keys to flavour. For a cup of espresso the brewing time is about 20 to 25 seconds at a pressure of approximately 9 bars. In order to obtain enough flavour in such a short period of time, the grounds must be fine but somewhat irregular.
 Expertise
If the grounds are too coarse, the water will pass through them too quickly. The result is a weak cup of espresso with a poor foam layer. If the beans are too finely ground, water cannot pass through the coffee quickly enough and can remain partly in the filter bed. Both will have a negative taste effect.
Perfection
The right grind is key to both the flavour of espresso and the firmness of its foam layer.
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